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<title>Section 4.1.&nbsp; Introduction</title>
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<h3 class="docSection1Title" id="454331-811">4.1. Introduction</h3>
<p class="docText"><a name="idd1e24034"></a><a name="idd1e24039"></a><a name="idd1e24046"></a><a name="idd1e24051"></a><a name="idd1e24058"></a><a name="idd1e24063"></a><a name="idd1e24068"></a><a name="idd1e24075"></a>In the previous chapter we covered the basic functions that perform I/O. The discussion centered around I/O for regular filesopening a file, and reading or writing a file. We'll now look at additional features of the file system and the properties of a file. We'll start with the <tt>stat</tt> functions and go through each member of the <tt>stat</tt> structure, looking at all the attributes of a file. In this process, we'll also describe each of the functions that modify these attributes: change the owner, change the permissions, and so on. We'll also look in more detail at the structure of a UNIX file system and symbolic links. We finish this chapter with the functions that operate on directories, and we develop a function that descends through a directory hierarchy.</P>

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